Keywords:
Medicinal plants, Cuticle, Biofertilizers, Soil
Among the environmental problems that threaten food security in arid areas is the deterioration of agricultural soils, which has led to the loss of vegetation cover, especially medicinal plants. The objective of this study is to provide solutions for the rehabilitation of arid soils through the use of biofertilizers based on the cuticle of locusts. The chemical analyses of the cuticles were carried out by “X-ray diffractometer”, “nuclear magnetic resonance” and “X-ray fluorescence spectrometry”. The study of the microscopic structure was carried out with an electron microscope.The comparative chemical study of cuticle and arid soil by XRD, NMR and XRF, shows a wealth of 12 chemical elements essential for the development of plants and for the fertilization of agricultural soil. Application of these results to two crops, wheat and corn, shows a 50% increase in biomass and 40% additional yield of wheat cultivation caused to the availability of mineral elements from the biofertilizer cuticle. Regarding maize cultivation, an increase in biomass of 40 and 55% of additional yield was recorded. Microbial activity increased by + 90% compared to soils fertilized with synthetic mineral fertilizer.
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This work was supported by the General Directorate of Scientific Research and Technological Development DGRSDT of Algeria republic.