Baishnab Biswajit, Bora Dixit, Banik Biplab, Paul Suman, Sarma Dipan, Majumdar Koushik, Datta Badal Kumar
Keywords:
Callista
,
Dendrobium
, PCA, Phylogeny, UPGMA
Due to extensive diversity in morphology of vegetative and reproductive characteristics, taxonomical identification and grouping of Orchids are very difficult. To overcome this problem and to develop suitable taxonomic grouping of Orchids, comparative studies on morphology and anatomy are essential to understand Orchid evolution and adaptation to different ecological habitats. Therefore, the present study was designed to investigate the morphological and anatomical character variation of five species representing two sections (Sec. Dendrobium and Sec. Callista) of Dendrobium. We used UPGMA based dendrogram to assess their phylogenetic relationships using morphological and anatomical characters separately to compare whether both (morphological and anatomical) characters justify the same relationship among the species or not. The dendrogram consisted of two clusters, one with three species from the Sec. Dendrobium and the other with two species of the Sec. Callista. The Principal component analysis based on morphological and anatomical characters also significantly approved placement of these species in two sections. The number of leaves, flower colour, stomatal type, velamen area, cortex and stellar area significantly contributed in sectional grouping of five species. Therefore, we conclude that the anatomical and morphological characters can be used to describe the taxonomical relationship of Orchids. Furthermore, updated knowledge on the morphology and anatomical characters representing number of other species of Dendrobium is of immense importance to understand the adaptation and evolution of these orchid taxa in diverse habitat.
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Authors are grateful to the DBT, Government of India, New Delhi for financial support through Project Orchid bio-resources of the North- east India Conservation, database development and information networking” (Sanction letter No. BCIL/NER-BPMC/2016). Authors are also thankful to Head, Department of Botany, Tripura University for providing necessary research facilities.