Comprehensive insight into the phytochemical profile, antioxidant properties, and LC-MS analysis of methanolic leaf extract of Nothapodytes nimmoniana (J. Graham) Mabb., a medicinal plant of Assam, India

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DOI: 10.1007/s42535-025-01533-2
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Keywords: n N. nimmonianan , Phenol and flavonoid, Qualitative analysis, Antioxidant, LC–MS


Abstract


Nothapodytes nimmoniana, an endangered medicinal plant from Assam, India, holds immense promise beyond its well-known bark-derived compounds. This study delves into the untapped potential of its leaves by unveiling their rich phytochemical profile, robust antioxidant activity, and diverse mineral composition. Methanolic extraction yielded 11.24%, with qualitative screening revealing a wide array of bioactive constituents, including alkaloids, phenols, flavonoids, saponins, steroids, tannins, proteins, carbohydrates, and glycosides. Impressively, the total phenolic and flavonoid contents measured 31.80 ± 0.15 mg Gallic Acid Equivalent (GAE/g) and 5.52 ± 0.08 mg Quercetin Equivalent (QE/g), respectively. The extract exhibited remarkable free radical scavenging efficiency, demonstrated by a low IC₅₀ of 1.28 µg/ml in the “(1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH)” assay, alongside potent “2, 2′-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS)”, nitric oxide, and hydroxyl radical neutralizing activities. LC–MS analysis identified nine significant compounds, including 5-hydroxy 9-methoxy camptothecin, enoxolone, gypsogenin, and 2-demethylmenaquinol-8, underscoring its chemotherapeutic potential. Additionally, potassium emerged as the most abundant mineral (42.94 ppm), enriching its nutraceutical value. Altogether, this research positions N. nimmoniana leaves as a promising, sustainable source for antioxidant-rich, plant-based drug discovery, offering a compelling alternative to bark harvesting and contributing to conservation efforts.

Graphical abstract

n                     N. nimmonianan                  , Phenol and flavonoid, Qualitative analysis, Antioxidant, LC–MS


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Author Information


Department of Zoology, Gauhati University, Jalukbari, India