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Keywords:
Methylene blue, n Bacillus cereusn , Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, Dye decolorization
Dyes released from different industries have a negative impact on both human health and the environment. The use of microbial cultures for the biodegradation and decolorization of synthetic dyes is a cutting-edge, rapid, cost-effective, and eco-friendly approach. The present study was conducted to examine the decolorization of two synthetic basic dyes (toluidine blue and methylene blue) using an indigenous bacterium, Bacillus cereus. Quantification of dye decolorization was done using free and immobilized bacterial culture in a minimal salt medium augmented with different concentrations of dyes (5, 10, 15, and 20 ppm) after 3 and 5 days of incubation. The maximum dye removal efficiency of the free-living and immobilized culture of Bacillus cereus for methylene and toluidine blue were 94.92 and 91.18 and 94.92, and 93.62%, respectively after 5 days of incubation. The optimum concentrations of methylene and toluidine blue tolerated by the free and immobilized cultures of Bacillus cereus were 5 and 15 ppm and 15 and 20 ppm, respectively. Immobilized Bacillus cereus was more effective in dye decolorization as compared to a free bacterial culture. Significant induction in laccase activity was also observed by the test bacteria. The appearance and disappearance of peaks in the treated dye samples and the stretching of bonds at various wave numbers as compared to the control were correlated with the dye decolorization efficiency of Bacillus cereus.
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The authors would like to thank the Department of Microbiology, GBPUA&T, Pantnagar for providing the lab facilities to conduct this research.