Exploring the molecular attributes of Mungbean yellow mosaic virus in black gram (Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper) and insights into seed-transmitted propagation

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Research Articles | Published:

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DOI: 10.1007/s42535-026-01834-0
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Keywords: Black gram, Leaves, Seeds, Mungbean yellow mosaic virus, Cloning


Abstract

Pulses serve as a significant protein source and constitute a substantial portion of vegetarian diets. Yellow Mosaic Disease (YMD), caused by the Mungbean yellow mosaic virus (MYMV) and Mungbean yellow mosaic India virus (MYMIV) transmitted by whiteflies, poses a severe threat to black gram and green gram crops across India. Analysis of YMD infected leaf samples revealed the presence of viral DNA from MYMV-A, MYMV-B, and MYMIV-B either individually or in mixed infections. On testing seed borne nature furthermore, viral DNA was detected in DNA samples extracted from ten whole seeds, including seed coat and cotyledons, using MYMV-A and MYMV-B specific primers. Western blot analysis confirmed the presence of viral coat protein in protein extracts from infected black gram leaves and sets of ten infected seeds. Dot Immunobinding Assay results indicated the presence of viral coat protein in protein extracts from infected black gram and red gram leaves, as well as groups of ten black gram and red gram seeds, suggesting seed-borne transmission of MYMV. To conduct infectivity screening trials, DNA-A and DNA-B clones were generated from MYMV infected samples and sequenced. Sequence analysis revealed that DNA-A clones shared 99% similarity with Mungbean yellow mosaic virus Vamban black gram (DQ400848), while two DNA-B clones exhibited 98% and 99% identity with Mungbean yellow mosaic virus isolate Namakkal section (DQ865202), and three DNA-B clones showed 99% identity with Mungbean yellow mosaic virus clone VB3 (KC911726). The current work showed that MYMV is seed-borne and offered molecular resources for resistance screening and infectivity investigations.

Black gram, Leaves, Seeds, Mungbean yellow mosaic virus, Cloning


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Author Information

Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, India