Vegetos

Abstract

Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) family Leguminosae is one of the world’s most important oilseed crops. The effect of silver nitrate (AgNO₃) on in vitro direct regeneration efficiency of leaflet explants was studied in two cvs ICG 7827 and 13942 of A. hypogaea. This study was conducted to explore the effect of silver nitrate (AgNO₃) alone and also in combination with growth regulators, on multiple shoot formation and plantlet establishment from leaflet explants in peanut. The leaflet explants were cultured on shoot induction medium (SIM) containing MS salts with B5 vitamins fortified with AgNO₃/BAP/KIN/TDZ alone, AgNO₃ in combination with BAP/KIN/TDZ, and AgNO₃+BAP+NAA/IAA. When AgNO₃ added in combination with BAP+NAA/IAA, enhanced shoot buds induction was found in comparison to other combinations of PGRs used. Maximum average number of shoots (15.04±0.16) per regenerating explant was recorded with 86% of response at 2.0 mg/L AgNO₃+10 mg/L BAP+1.0 mg/L NAA in cv ICG 7827 followed by 13.73±0.12 shoots/explant with 83% of response at 2.0 mg/L AgNO₃+10 mg/L BAP +0.5 mg/L IAA in cv ICG13942. AgNO₃ showed a positive and marked effect on direct enhanced level of multiple shoot induction from leaflet explants. The micro-shoots developed from leaflet explants were elongated on shoot elongation medium (SEM) fortified with 0.5 mg/L BAP. For in vitro rooting the elongated micro-shoots were transferred on to root induction medium (RIM) fortified with NAA/IBA/NAA+IBA and IBA+NAA. Maximum average number of roots (16.28±0.15) per shoot was observed with 90% of response at 1.0 mg/L NAA. The in vitro rooted plantlets were transferred into field. The survival percentage was found to be 90%.