Lishma N. P., Cherian K. Anita, Louis Vimi, Sureshkumar R., Kumar P. Naveen, Chandran Deepak, Pran M., Sharma Rohit
Keywords:
Fusarium wilt, Banana, Disease incidence, Disease severity, Integrated management
Banana is considered an important fruit crop in the livelihood of many people in tropical and subtropical countries. However, in India, the banana crop is threatened by Fusarium wilt disease incited by the pathogen Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc), a soil-borne fungus. A purposive sampling survey was conducted in 2018 in various districts of Kerala to study the extent of disease incidence and its severity. The study revealed that the disease incidence ranged from 1.52 to 43.65 percent with 20.41 to 49.57 percent severity. During the survey, it was observed that the major cultivating varieties such as Rasthali/Poovan, Kadali, Njalipoovan, and Chenkadali were infected by the disease which causes serious economic loss to the farmers. Hence, the research was carried out to create an integrated management package against the pathogen causing Fusarium wilt disease in bananas by testing various chemical fungicides and biocontrol agents under both as well as field conditions. Among the various treatments used, an integrated package including sucker treatment with biocontrol agent Pseudomonas fluorescens followed by the soil application of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi and Trichoderma viride (biocontrol agent) enriched cow dung at the time of planting and soil drenching with a triazole fungicide tebuconazole at 2 and 4 months after planting was recorded best for the disease management. As a result, the management of Fusarium wilt of banana may be accomplished by the employment of a combined strategy of biocontrol agents and chemical fungicides applied at the prescribed rate.
(*Only SPR Life Members can get full access.)
AICRP (All India Coordinated Research Project on Fruits) (2017) Proceedings of fourth group discussion, 4–7 January 2017, IIHR, Bangalore. 65p
Ashby SF (1913) Banana diseases in Jamaica. Bulletin of the Department of Agriculture Jumaica volume 2, Department of Agriculture, Jumaica, 95p
Baldwin BC, Rathmell WG (1988) Evolution of concepts for chemical control of plant disease. Annu Rev Phytopathol 26:265–283. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.py.26.090188.001405
Brandes EW (1919) Banana Wilt. Phytopathol 9:339–383
Bubici G, Kaushal M, Prigigallo MI, Gomez-Lama Cabanas C, Mercado-Blanco J (2019) Biological control agents against Fusarium wilt of banana. Front Microbiol 10:1–33. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2019.00616
Chawla N, Gangopadhyay S (2009) Integration of organic amendments and bioagents in suppressing cumin wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cumini. Indian Phytopathol 62:209–216
Cherian AK, Menon R (2001) Integrated management of panama wilt disease of banana caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. Cubense. In: Proceedings of National Symposium on Ecofriendly Appoaches for Plant Disease Managenment, 22–24 January 2001, Chennai. University of Madras, Chennai, 31p
Elmer WH, McGovern RJ (2004) Influence of combining biological products with chemical fungicides for control of Fusarium wilt of cyclamen. Crop Prot 23:909–914. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cropro.2004.01.012
Emara HA, Nower A, Hmza E, Saad M, El Shaib F (2018) Role of mycorrhiza as biofertilization of banana grand naine on nursery stage. Int J Curr Microbiol App Sci 7:805–814 https://doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2018.710.089.
Fravel DR, Olivain C, Alabouvette C (2003) Fusarium oxysporum and its biocontrol. New Phytol 157:493–502. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1469-8137.2003.00700.x
Herbert JA, Marx D (1990) Short-term control of Panama disease in South Africa. Phytophylactica 22:339–340
Higgins JE (1904) The banana in Hawaii. Hawaii Agricultural Experiment Station Bulletin No.7, Hawaiian Gazette Company Ltd, Honolulu, 51p
Jefwa J, Vanlauwe B, Coyne D, Van Asten P, Gaidashova S, Rurangwa E, Mwashasha M, Elsen A (2008) Benefits and potential use of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) in banana and plantain (Musa spp.) systems in Africa. In: IV International Symposium on Banana: International Conference on Banana and Plantain in Africa: Harnessing International partnership to increase research impact, 5–9 October 2008, Kenya. International society for horticultural science, Belgium, pp. 479–486
KAU (Kerala Agricultural University) (2016) Package of Practices Recommendations: Crops (15th Ed.). Kerala Agricultural University, Thrissur, 393p
Li CY, Mostert G, Zuo CW, Beukes I, Yang QS, Sheng O, Kuang RB, Wei YR, Hu CH, Rose L, Karangwa P (2013) Diversity and distribution of the banana wilt pathogen Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense in China. Fungal Genom Biol 3:1–6. https://doi.org/10.4172/2165-8056.1000111
Mak C, Mohamed AA, Liew KW, Ho YW (2004) Early screening technique for Fusarium wilt resistance in banana micropropagated plants. In: Jain SM and Swennen R (Eds), Banana Improvement: Cellular, Molecular Biology, and Induced Mutations. Science Publishers, Enfield, USA, p
Manasa BG, Somashekara YM, Shankara K, Swamy C (2017) Efficacy of fungicides in control of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. dianthi, the cause of wilt in carnation. Int J Curr Microbio App Sci 6:10
Meyer SL, Roberts DP (2002) Combinations of biocontrol agents for management of plant-parasitic nematodes and soilborne plant-pathogenic fungi. J Nematol 34:219–227
Minuto A, Migheli Q, Garibaldi A (1995) Evaluation of antagonistic strains of Fusarium spp. in the biological and integrated control of Fusarium wilt of cyclamen. Crop Prot 14:221–226. https://doi.org/10.1016/0261-2194(95)00008-A
Mustaffa MM, Thangavelu R (2011) Status of fusarium wilt in India. In: Bergh IVD, Smith M, Swennen R, Hermanto C (Eds), Proceedings of International ISHS-ProMusa Symposium on Global Perspectives on Asian Challenges, 14–18 September 2009, Guangzhou. ISHS Acta Horticulturae, pp 323–329
Nel B, Steinberg C, Labuschagne N, Viljoena A (2007) Evaluation of fungicides and sterilants for potential application in the management of Fusarium wilt of banana. Crop Prot 26:697–705. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cropro.2006.06.008
ProMusa (2020) Fusarium wilt of banana [on-line]. Available: http ://www.promusa.org/Fusarium+wilt [12 January 2020].
Rodriguez-Romero AS, Guerra MSP, Jaizme-Vega (2005) Effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and rhizobacteria on banana growth and nutrition. Agron Sustain Dev 25:395–399 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00886313
Shukla DN (2019) Studies on variability and management of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense isolates causing Panama wilt of banana. Ph.D. thesis, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Pusa, Samastipur, 142p
Sivamani E (1987) Wilt diseases of banana in Tamil Nadu. Studies on the biology and control of Panama wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (E.F. Smith) Snyder ed. Hansen. Ph.D. Thesis. University of Madras, Chennai, India
Smith EF (1910) A Cuban Banana Disease Sci 31:754–755
Snyder WC, Hansen HN (1940) The species concept in Fusarium. Am J Bot 27(2):64–67 https://doi.org/10.2307/2436688. .
Solaiman ARM, Rabbani MG (2006) Effects of NPKS and cow dung on growth and yield of tomato. Bull Inst Trop Agr Kyushu Univ 29:31–37
Sood M, Kapoor D, Kumar V, Sheteiwy MS, Ramakrishnan M, Landi M, Araniti F, Sharma A (2020) Trichoderma: The “secrets” of a multitalented biocontrol agent. Plants 9:762. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants9060762
Sreeja SJ (2014) Integrated management of Fusarium wilt and anthracnose of vegetable cowpea (Vigna unguiculata sub sp. sesquipedalis (L) Verdcourt) using new generation fungicides. Ph.D. (Ag) thesis, Kerala Agricultural University, Thrissur, 182p
Thangavelu R, Edwinraj E, Gopi M, Pushpakanth P, Sharmila K, Prabaharan M, Loganathan M, Uma S (2022) Development of PCR-based race-specific markers for differentiation of Indian Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense, the causal agent of Fusarium Wilt in Banana. J Fungi 8:53
Thangavelu R, Sundararaju P, Sathiamoorthy S, Reghuchander T, Velazhahan R, Nakkeeran S, Palanisamy A (1999) Status of Fusarium wilt of banana in India. In: Proceedings of the International Workshop on Banana Fusarium Wilt Disease, 18–20 October 1999, Malaysia. INIBAP- ASPNET, Philippines, pp 58–63
Weller DM, Raaijmakers JM, McSpadden-Gardener BB, Thomashow LS (2002) Microbial populations responsible for specific soil suppressiveness to plant pathogens. Ann Rev Phytopathol 40:309–348. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.phyto.40.030402.110010
Yano-Melo AM, Maia LC, Saggin OJ, Lima-Filho JM, Melo NF (1999) Effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on the acclimatization of micropropagated banana plantlets. Mycorrhiza 9:119–123. https://doi.org/10.1007/s005720050009