New distribution, anatomy, phytoconstituents, and antioxidant potential of Boesenbergia pulcherrima (Zingiberaceae) from Assam, India

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Research Articles | Published:

E-ISSN: 2229-4473.
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DOI: 10.1007/s42535-026-01835-z
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Keywords: Assam, n Boesenbergian , New record, Distribution, Microscopy, Phytoconstituents


Abstract

This study reports Boesenbergia pulcherrima (Zingiberaceae) as a new addition to the flora of Assam, India. While previously recorded in Meghalaya, the species’ distribution in south Indian states (Kerala, Karnataka, and Tamil Nadu), has remained ambiguous due to frequent misidentification with B. tiliifolia. Here, a comprehensive characterization of the species is presented, integrating anatomical, phytochemical, and antioxidant properties. Key anatomical characters include the presence of a leaf hypodermis near midrib, abaxial stomata, and specific vascular bundle arcs I and III in the petiole and midrib, and I–II in the sheath. Phytochemical profiling by GC-MS revealed three compounds in the aerial parts (leaf and pseudostem) and four in the underground organs (rhizome and roots). Furthermore, extracts from the aerial parts demonstrated significant antioxidant potential with an IC50 value of 0.0017 g/mL. By comparing these findings with existing data from south Indian populations, this study clarifies the taxonomic identification and distributional range of B. pulcherrima while highlighting its biochemical significance.

Assam, n Boesenbergian , New record, Distribution, Microscopy, Phytoconstituents


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Author Information

Department of Botany, Handique Girls’ College, Panbazar, Guwahati, India