Vegetos
(An International Journal of Plant Research & Biotechnology)
Phenolic profile, antioxidant and antibiofilm properties of Valeriana alliariifolia Vahl
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Research Articles | Published: 21 November, 2025
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Keywords: n Valeriana alliariifolia Vahl, Antioxidants, LC–MS/MS, Phenolics, Biofilm inhibition, Climatic adaptation
Abstract
Valeriana alliariifolia Vahl has long been valued in traditional medicine for its sedative and antispasmodic effects. Nevertheless, compared with other members of the Valeriana genus, this species has rarely been examined in detail. In this study, we focused on how environmental stress—particularly the cold conditions typical of continental climates—affects its phenolic composition, antioxidant defenses, and antibiofilm activity. Exploring these aspects helps reveal how V. alliariifolia adapts biochemically to harsh environments, adding a new perspective to the understanding of its potential pharmacological value. Methanolic extracts obtained from leaf and rhizome tissues were analyzed for total phenolic content and detailed phenolic composition. Antioxidant capacity was evaluated through total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and enzymatic markers, including superoxide dismutase, catalase (CAT), and glutathione (GSH). The antibiofilm effects of each extract were tested against five pathogenic bacterial strains using the crystal violet microplate assay. Extracts from rhizomes showed significantly elevated TAC, CAT, and GSH levels compared to those from leaves (p < 0.05). LC–MS/MS analysis revealed a distinct distribution of phenolics across tissues; rhizomes were particularly rich in flavonoids such as kaempferol and quercetin, whereas leaves contained higher levels of phenolic acids, including fumaric acid and protocatechuic acid. Both extracts demonstrated significant antibiofilm activity, particularly against Bacillus licheniformis, Escherichia coli, and Listeria monocytogenes. Valeriana alliariifolia Vahl seems to adapt to the stresses of a cold continental environment by adjusting its antioxidant enzyme systems and phenolic metabolism. This pioneering report underscores the species potential to combat biofilms, a significant finding that could inspire future uses in these areas. The results highlight its promise as a natural source for antioxidant and antibiofilm applications, offering hope for practical applications in the future.
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Author Information
Faculty of Health Sciences, Ardahan University, Ardahan, Turkey