Vegetos
(An International Journal of Plant Research & Biotechnology)
Synthesis of Musa acuminata nanofertilizer and its impact on germination efficiency and yield of Solanum lycopersicum
*Article not assigned to an issue yet
Research Articles | Published: 23 October, 2025
First Page: 0
Last Page: 0
Views: 1
Keywords: Nanofertilizer, Musa acuminata, Micronutrients, Solanum lycopersicum, Germination rate
Abstract
This study aims to evaluate the germination rate, yield, and growth efficiency of Solanum lycopersicum crops fertilized with a novel Musa acuminata peel extract-enriched nanofertilizer and to compare its effectiveness with a synthetic commercial nanofertilizer. The nanofertilizer was made from Musa acuminata peel extract through ultrasonication methods and optimized using factorial design. The optimized nanofertilizer F3, with a particle size of 39.6 ± 4.2 nm, demonstrated enhanced soil permeability and nutrient delivery. The synthesized nanofertilizer shows significantly higher germination efficiency (89.6 ± 4.4%) than synthetic fertilizer. The enhanced activity is attributed to the presence of a large amount of nutrients like potassium, calcium, sodium, iron, and magnesium, and the aminocid tryptophan. These findings highlight the potential of Musa acuminata nanofertilizer in crop improvement and showcase a sustainable, natural alternative with promising implications for agricultural productivity.
References
Abou EL-nour AA (2002) Can supplemented potassium foliar feeding reduce the recommended soil potassium. Pak J Biol Sci 5:259–262
Biswas AT A.K and, Kundu S (2010) Nano fertilizer - a new dimension in Agri. Indian J Fert 6(8):22–24
Anderson MJ, Whitcomb PJ (2007) DOE simplified: practical tools for effective experimentation, 2nd edn. CRC Press. USA.
Asadu CO, Ezema CA, Ekwueme BN, Onu CE, Onoh IM, Adejoh T, Ezeorba TPC, Ogbonna CC, Otuh PI, Okoye JO, Emmanuel UO (2024) Enhanced efficiency fertilizers: overview of production methods, materials used, nutrients release mechanisms, benefits and considerations. Environ Pollut Manage 1:32–48
Bhupinder Singh Sekhon (2014) Nanotechnology in agri-food production: an overview. Nanotechnol Sci Appl 7:31–53
Chinnamuthu CR, Boopathi PM (2009) Nanotechnology and agro ecosystem. Madras Agric J 96:17–31
Conzatti G, Faucon D, Castel M, Ayadi F, Cavalie S, Tourrette A (2017) Alginate/chitosan polyelectrolyte complexes: a comparative study of the influence of the drying step on physicochemical properties. Carb Polym 172:142–151
Derosa MC, Monreal C, Schnitzer M, Walsh R, Sultan Y (2010) Nanotechnology in fertilizers. Nanotechnology.5(2):91
Bahrany AM, Shabaan EI AM (1995) The effect of oxalic acid and citric acids on the plant absorption of phosphate and other nutrients from fertilizer added to calcerous soil. Ann Agric Sci Cairo 40:943–951
Feng Y, Kopplin G, Sato K, Draget KI, Varum KM (2017) Alginate gels with a combination of calcium and chitosan oligomer mixtures as crosslinkers. Carb Polym 156:490–497
Grzebisz W, Zielewicz W, Przygocka-Cyna K (2022) Deficiencies of secondary nutrients in crop plants—a real challenge to improve nitrogen management. Agronomy 13(1):66
Hussein HS, Shaarawy HH, Hussien NH, Hawashl SI (2019) Preparation of nano-fertilizer blend from banana peels. Bull Natl Res Cent 43:26:1–9
Janmohammadi M, Pornour N, Javanmard A, Sabaghnia N (2016) Effects of bioorganic, conventional and nanofertilizers on growth, yield and quality of potato in cold steppe. Bot Lith 22(2):133
Jyothi TV, Hebsur NS (2017) Effect of nanofertilizers on growth and yield of selected cereals—a review. Agric Rev 38(2):112–120
Law Ogbomo KE (2011) Comparison of growth, yield performance and profitability of tomato (solanum lycopersicon) under different fertilizer types in humid forest ultisols. Int Res J Agric Sci 1(8):332–338
Lee EH, Yeom HJ, Ha MS, Bae DH (2010) Development of banana peels jelly & its anti-oxidant, and textural properties. Food Sci Bio-Techenol. 19:449–455
Lim G, Ahmad MS (2017) Development of Ca-alginate-chitosan microcapsules for encapsulation and controlled release of imidacloprid to control dengue outbreaks. J Ind Eng Chem 56:312–393
Lovelli S, Potenza G, Castronuovo D, Perniola M, Candida V, Yield (2017) Quality and water use efficiency of processing tomatoes produced under different irrigation regimes in mediterranean Envi. Ital J Agron 12:17–24
Marschner PM (2012) Mineral nutrition of higher plants, 3rd edn. Academic, London UK.
Martiniz-valverde L, Periago MJ, Provan G, Cheeson A (2002) Phenolic compounds, lycopene and anti- oxidant activity in commercial varieties of tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum). J Sci Food Agri 82:323–330
Singh MD, Chirag G, Prakash PO, Mohan MH, Prakasha G, Vishwajith (2017) Nano-fertilizers is a new way to increase nutrients use efficiency in crop production. Int J Agric Sci 9(7):3831–3833
Mostafa MA, Mubarak M, Khalil NS, Ghada HM (2014) Manufacturing amino acids bio-fertilizers from agricultural wastes. II- effect of synthetic organic fertilizers on the growth and yield of some forage crops as well as some soil properties. J Soil Sci Agric Eng 5(2):279–294
Padam Bi T, Hs C, Fy. Abdullah M (2014) Banana by-products as under-utilized renewable food bio mass with great potential. J Food Sci Technol 51(12):3527–3545
Patel H, Patel A, Surati T, Shah G (2012) Potential use of banana peels for the production of fermented products. IJED. 9(1):1–7
Prasad R, Bhattacharya A, Nguyen QD (2017) Nanotechnology in sustainable agriculture: recent developments, challenges, and perspectives. Front Microbiol 8(1–3):1–13
Rajonee AR, Nigar F, Ahmed S, Huq SI (2016) Synthesis of nitrogen nano fertilizer and its efficiency. Can J Pure Appl Sci 10:3913–3919
Raliya R, Biswasa P, Tarafdarm JC (2015) TiO2 nanoparticle biosynthesis and its physiological effect on mung bean (Vigna radiata L.). Biotechnol.Rep.5:22 – 6
Rania A, Hassan HSA, Shaaban EA (2014) Effect of different potassium fertilizer forms on yield, fruit quality and leaf mineral content of Zebda Mango trees. Middle East J Sci Res 21(1):123–129
Riddech N, Theerakulpisut P, Ma YN, Sarin P (2025) Bioorganic fertilizers from agricultural waste enhance rice growth under saline soil conditions. Sci Rep 15(1):1–17
Rui M, Ma C, Hao Y (2016) Iron oxide nanoparticles as a potential iron fertilizer for peanut (Arachis hypogaea). Frontiers Plant Sci. 7: 815–824
Sekhon BS (2014) Nanotechnology in agri-food production: an overview. Nanotechnol Sci Appl 7:32–53
Sempeho SI, Kim HT, Mubofu E, Hilonga A (2014) Meticulous overview on the controlled release fertilizers. Adv Chem. 2014:1–16
Serio E, Dc Gara L, Caretto S, Leo L, Santo maria P (2004) Influence of an increased Nacl concentration on yield and quality of cherry tomato grown in posidonia (posidonia oceanica (L) Delite). J. Sci Food Agri, 84: 1885-1890
Shaista Kokab S, Asghar M, Rehman MJ, Asadand dedyo (2003) Bio-processing of banana peel for a-amylase production by Bacillus subtitles. Int J Agric Biol 5(1):36–39
Sharif Hossain ABM (2015) Nano- particle preparation from lingo - cellulose based banana peel biomass as a tool of nano- biotechnology glob. J Bio Agric Health Sci 4(3):19–21
Sharon M, Choudary AK, Kumar R (2010) Nanotechnology in agriculture diseases and food safety. J Phytology 2(4):83–92
Siddiqui MH, Whaibi AL, Firoz MH, AL Khaishany M MY (2015) Role of nanoparticles in plants. Nanatechnol Plant Sci. 19–35
Sudha K, Anitta S, Mythili Devi P, Thenjomayah G (2015) Biosynthesis of iron nanoparticle from green banana peel extracts. Int J Soc Sci Interdiscip Res 4(6):165–176
Thanos CA, Georghiou K, Skarou F (1989) Glaucium flavum seed germination—an ecophysiological approach. Ann Botany 63:121–130
Trenkel ME (1997) Controlled released and stabilized fertilizers in agriculture. Int Fertil Assoc Paris 11: 23–318
Wang P, Lombl E, Zhao E, Kopittke PM (2016) Nanotechnology: a new opportunity in plant sciences. Trends Plant Sci 21:699–712
Author Information
Centre for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Apollo Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Apollo University, The Apollo Knowledge City, Saketa, Murukambattu, Chittoor, India