α-Glucosidase inhibitor and phytotoxic metabolite produced by an endophytic fungus Diaporthe melonis isolated from Acalypha indica L

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DOI: 10.1007/s42535-025-01313-y
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Keywords: n Acalypha indican , n Diaporthe melonisn , Enzyme inhibition, Phytotoxicity, Naphthalene derivatives


Abstract


Nine compounds from the fermentation of Diaporthe melonis, an endophytic fungus in the inflorescence of Acalypha indica L. (Euphorbiaceae), were isolated and identified. They are 1,8-dimethoxynaphthalene (1), 8-methoxynaphthalen-1-ol (2), 4-hydroxybenzoic acid (3), 1-(2,6-dihydroxyphenyl)butanone (4), methyl (4-hydroxyphenyl)acetate (5), 3-nitropropanoic acid (6), phomonitroester (7), felinone A (8) and (4R,6R)-4-hydroxy-6-methyltetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-one (9). The EtOAc crude extract resulted in strong cytotoxicity, radicle elongation inhibition and a strong potential to inhibit α-glucosidase enzyme. This is the first report of the strong α-glucosidase and strong phytotoxicity of compound 4.

Graphical abstract

n                     Acalypha indican                  , n                     Diaporthe melonisn                  , Enzyme inhibition, Phytotoxicity, Naphthalene derivatives


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Author Information


National Institute of Fundamental Studies, Kandy, Sri Lanka