Vegetos
(An International Journal of Plant Research & Biotechnology)
Analysis of combining ability and extent of heterosis for yield and its related traits in bitter gourd (Momordica charantia L.)
*Article not assigned to an issue yet
Research Articles | Published: 27 October, 2024
First Page: 0
Last Page: 0
Views: 1486
Keywords: Average heterosis, Bitter gourd, General combining ability, Heterobeltiosis, Specific combining ability, Standard heterosis
Abstract
A study was conducted to assess the general, and specific combining abilities and the extent of heterosis for yield traits in bitter gourd. Identifying genetically superior parents is crucial for hybrid development, and combining ability analysis is an effective tool for selecting desirable parents for hybridization programs. Field experiments were conducted at the College of Horticulture, Dr. Y.S.R Horticultural University, Venkataramannagudem during Kharif, 2019. Six lines were crossed with three testers in the Line × Tester mating design, which yielded wide range of variability in yield related traits. Results showed that the parental lines (IC 505637 and IC 470553) and testers (Pusa Vishesh and Pusa Do Mausami) were observed to be the best general combiners for yield related traits. The crosses IC 470553 × Pusa Do Mausami (5.45%), IC 470553 × Pusa Vishesh (1.36%), and IC 505637 × PDM (0.30%) recorded positive standard heterosis over check VNR 22 for fruit yield. The cross IC 470553 × Pusa Do Mausami exhibited desirable specific combining ability (SCA) effects on all evaluated traits. Certain characters such as days to the first female flower, the node at the first male flower, average fruit weight, fruit yield per vine, and fruit yield per hectare were observed to be controlled by non-additive gene action. Therefore, we suggested that selected parents and crosses could be considered for use in bitter gourd hybrid breeding programs.
References
Acharya SK, Kaushik RA, Ameta KD, Dubey RB, Upadhyay B (2019) Heterosis and combining ability in bitter gourd (Momordica charantia L.). Int J Bioassays 8:5692–5711
Ahmed I, Lakhani MS, Gillett M, John A, Raza H (2001) Hypotriglyceridemic and hypocholesterolemic effects of anti-diabetic Momordica charantia (karela) fruit extract in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 51:155–161
Amitabh P, Singh DK (2018) Studies on combining ability and heterosis for the production of hybrids in bitter gourd (Momordica charantia L.) under Terai Region. J Environ Prot Ecol 36:600–606
Amrita K, Sangeeta S, Randhir K, Chandan K, Singh VK, Haque M (2020) Estimation of heterosis for yield and quality traits in bitter gourd (Momordica charantia L.). Int. J. Curr. Microbiol. 9(02): 1614–23.
Arunachalam V (1976) Evaluation of diallel crosses by graphical and combining ability methods. Indian J Genetics 36:358–366
Baker RJ (1978) Issues in diallel analysis. Crop Sci 18:533–536
Bhatt L, Singh SP, Soni AK, Samota MK (2017) Studies on heterosis in bitter gourd (Momordica charantia L.). Int J Curr Microbiol 6:4069–4077
Chen Q, Chan LL, Li ET (2003) Bitter melon (Momordica charantia) reduces adiposity, lowers serum insulin, and normalizes glucose tolerance in rats fed a high-fat diet. J Nutr 133:1088–1093
Cockertham CC (1961) Implication of genetic variance in a hybrid breeding program. Crop Sci 1:47–52
Dey SS, Behera TK, Munshi AD, Pal A (2010) Gynoecious inbred with better combining ability improves yield and earliness in bitter gourd (Momordica charantia L.). Euphytica 173:37–47
Dey SS, Singh N, Bhatia R, Parkash C, Chandel C (2014) Genetic combining ability and heterosis for important vitamins and antioxidant pigments in cauliflower (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis L.). Euphytica 195:169–181
Franco MC, Cassini ST, Oliveira VR (2001) Combining ability for nodulation in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) genotypes from Andean and Middle American gene pools. Euphytica 118(3):265–270
Hayes HK, Immer FR, Smith DC (1955) Methods of plant breeding. Mc. Grow Hill book. Co., Inc., New York, p 555
Kempthorne O (1957) An introduction to genetic statistics. John Wiley and Sons, New York, p 545
Kumar A, Sharma V, Jain BT, Kaushik P (2020) Heterosis breeding in eggplant (Solanum melongena L.): Gains and provocations. Plants 9(3):403
Kumari A, Shree S, Kumar R, Kishore C, Singh VK, Haque M (2020a) Estimation of heterosis for yield and quality traits in bitter gourd (Momordica charantia L.). Int J Curr Microbiol App Sci 9:1614–1623
Kumari M, Kumar J, Kant K, Singh BK, Bagchi CK, Kumari A, Kumar A (2020b) Heterosis in bitter gourd (Momordica charantia L.) for yield and yield related traits. J Pharmacogn Phytochem 9(1):1235–1239
Li J (2011) Chinese tomato breeding. China Agriculture, Beijing, p 275
Liu ZB, Jiang JB, Yang HH, Jiang XM, Li JF (2019) Research advance of plant heterosis. Mol Plant Breed 17:4127–4134
Mallikarjunarao K, Das AK, Nandi A, Baisakh B, Tripathy P, Sahu GS (2018) Heterosis and combining ability of quality and yield of bitter gourd (Momordica charantia L.). J Pharmacogn Phytochem 7:05–09
Manju K, Jayant K, Kamal K, Singh BK, Chandhan KB, Amba K, Ritu K, Maneesh K, Vijay KS, Sangeetha S, Ajay B, Anand K (2019) Heterosis in bitter gourd (Momordica charantia L.) for yield and yield related traits. J Pharmacogn Phytochem 9(1):1235–1239
Mishra V, Singh DK (2018) Combining ability and heterosis studies in bitter gourd (Momordica charantia L.). Int J Curr Microbiol App Sci 7:4278–4289
Mishra D, Singh AK, Singh P, Kumar B, Pattnaik PAK (2020) Combining ability studies for yield and plant characters in bitter gourd (Momordica charantia L.). Int J Curr Microbiol App Sci 9:88–96
Narendra KT, Pandey AK, Singh UN, Singh VB (2018) Gene action involved in expression of various traits in bitter gourd (Momordica charantia L.). J Pharmacogn Phytochem 7(2):3703–3706
National Horticulture Board (NHB) (2022–23). Ministry of Agriculture, Government of India
Pushpendra S, Anand KS, Diksha M, Ravinsh K (2020) Genetic magnitude of heterosis for yield and quality traits in bitter gourd (Momordica charantia L.). Int J Curr Microbiol Appl Sci 9(3):2472–2483
Radha K (2016) Combining ability for yield related traits, earliness and yield in bitter gourd (Momordica charantia). Electron J Plant Breed 7:267–274
Raj NM, Prasanna KP, Peter KV (1993) Bitter gourd genetic improvement of vegetable crops. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp 239–246
Ram G, Kallo G, Singh M (1999) Combining ability of quantitative characters in bitter gourd (Momordica charantia L.). Indian J Agri Sci 69:122–125
Robindro S, ChandanKarak P, Priyadarshani P, Mohapatra B, Ashok K, Hazra P (2018) Manifestation of heterosis in bittergourd. Int J Curr Microbiol App Sci 7(10):1376–1378
Shukla A, Rai AK, Bharadwaj DR, Singh U, Singh M (2014) Combining ability analysis in bitter gourd using gynoecious lines. Veg Sci 41:180–183
Singh KA (1990) Cytogenetics and evolution of the Cucurbitaceae. Biol Util Cucurbitaceae 8:10–28
Singh BK, Sharma SR, Singh B (2012) Genetic combining ability for concentration of mineral elements in cabbage head (Brassica oleracea var. capitata L.). Euphytica 184:265–273
Singh AK, Pan RS, Bhavana P (2013) Heterosis and combining ability analysis in bittergourd (Momordica charantia L.). The Bioscan 8:1533–1536
Sprague GF, Tatum LA (1942) General versus specific combining ability in single crosses of corn. Agron J 34:923–932
Tan SP, Kha TC, Parks SE, Roach PD (2016) Bitter melon (Momordica charantia L.) bioactive composition and health benefits: a review. Food Rev Int 32:181–202
Thakur JC, Singh N, Jindal SK (2004) Genetic analysis of some economic traits in main season cauliflower. J Res Punjab Agric Univ 41:68–73
Thangamani C (2016) Genetic analysis in bitter gourd (Momordica charantia L.) for yield and component characters. Asian J Horti 11:313–318
Thangamani C, Pugalendhi L (2013) Heterosis studies in bitter gourd for yield and related characters. Int J Veg Sci 19:109–125
Triveni. D. (2021) Studies on morphological and molecular diversity, heterosis and combining ability in bitter gourd (Momordica charantia L.). Ph.D Thesis. Dr.YSR Horticultural University, Andhra Pradesh, India.
Turner Jr JH (1953) A study of heterosis in upland cotton I. yield of hybrids compared with varieties 1. Agron J 45:484–486
Verma RS, Singh MK (2014) Combining ability and gene action in indigenous bitter gourd (Momordica charantia L.). Hort Flora Res Spectrum 3:122–131
Verma RS, Pratap N, Dubey DK, Singh SS (2013) Combining ability and gene action in indigenous bitter gourd (Momordica charantia). SAARC J Agric 11(2):117–127
Vibha M, Singh DK (2018) Combining ability and heterosis studies in bitter gourd (Momordica charantia L). Int J Curr Microbiol Appl Sci 7(7):4278–4289
Author Information
Department of Horticulture, College of Horticulture, Dr. Y.S.R. Horticultural University, West Godavari, India