Vegetos
(An International Journal of Plant Research & Biotechnology)
Chemical profile of the essential oils of three African mistletoe species and their electrophysiological responses to male fall armyworm
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Research Articles | Published: 17 March, 2025
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Keywords: Male fall armyworm, Essential oils, African mistletoes, GC-MS, GC-EAD
Abstract
Fall armyworm is a notorious pest that ravages more than 370 crops globally and causes great economic loss. Essential oils (EOs) have been reported to be effective eco-friendly biopesticides against insect but there was no documentation of its effectiveness against the fall armyworm. Leaf Essential oils of three African mistletoes; Tapinanthus bangwensis (TB) growing on Vitex doniana, Tapinanthus dodoneifolius (TD) growing on Parkia biglobosa, Tapinanthus globiferus (TG) growing on Ficus thonningii were obtained using hydro-distillation and analysed by Gas Chromatography coupled with Mass Spectroscopy (GC-MS). The electrophysiological and behavioural responses of the male fall armyworm at 0.25%, 0.50% and 1.00% concentrations of the oil were measured using Gas Chromatography coupled with Electroantennogram Detector (GC-EAD). The yield of essential oils of TB, TD and TG were 0.27% v/v, 0.20% v/v, and 0.22% v/v respectively. A total of three (3) compounds were identified in TB and twenty-eight (28) for each of TD and TG accounting for 91.37%, 77.04% and 77.10% of their EOs respectively. The oil of TB was dominated by a sesquiterpene; cedrene (64.73%) and a monoterpene; D-limonene (10.76%). The major compounds in TD oil were non-terpene hydrocarbons; 5,6-dihydro-2 H-pyran-2-carbaldehyde (18.63%) and nonanal (10.87%). The essential oil of TG was dominated by monoterpenes; γ-terpinene (20.68%) and P-cymene (16.30%). The fall armyworm showed concentration dependent responses to EOs of TD and TG but non-concentration dependent response to that of TB. Therefore, it could be concluded that the oils at the various concentrations can be used in the control of the invasive pest individually or at various blends.
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Author Information
Department of Chemistry, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria