Establishment of quality parameters for fruits of Crotalaria pallida Aiton. through microscopy and phytochemical studies

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Research Articles | Published:

Print ISSN : 0970-4078.
Online ISSN : 2229-4473.
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Doi: 10.1007/s42535-022-00361-y
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Keywords: Crotalaria pallida fruits, Powder microscopy, HPTLC, Mass spectroscopy


Abstract


Crotalaria pallida Aiton. (Fabaceae), generally known as ‘smooth rattlepod’, is an Ayurvedic (Indian system of medicine) medicinal plant, traditionally used in wide range of health ailments. Despite its great significance, no work has been reported to date on pharmacognostical authentification and phytochemical standardization of fruits. We aimed to establish the anatomical, powder microscopical, physicochemical, high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) and mass spectroscopy studies of C. pallida fruits. Transverse section of fruit showed the presence of lignified stone cells, palisade cells. Powder microscopy showed diagnostic characters like sclereid cells, pitted vessels, trichomes and endocarp cells. Total ash value was found to be 3.25% and acid insoluble ash was 0.2% w/w. Water soluble and alcohol soluble extractives were found to be 12.6 and 1.3% w/w, respectively. Phytochemical characterization of fruit aqueous and alcoholic extracts revealed the presence of proteins, carbohydrates, alkaloids, phenols, flavonoids, saponins and steroids. HPTLC analysis of chloroform and alcoholic extracts showed the presence of 9 peaks and 12 peaks, respectively, at different Rf values at 254 nm. Mass spectroscopy determined the fingerprint profile of ethanolic extract of C. pallida fruits in the range of 50–1000 m/z. It is concluded that various powder microscopical and phytochemical studies observed in this study can serve as a valuable resource for authentication of C. pallida fruits.



                        Crotalaria pallida fruits, Powder microscopy, HPTLC, Mass spectroscopy


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Acknowledgements


The authors are thankful to the Director General, CCRAS, New Delhi, India, for providing all the necessary research facilities and Bose Institute, Kolkata for providing Mass spectroscopy facility.


Author Information


Bolleddu Rajesh
Department of Pharmacognosy, Central Ayurveda Research Institute, CCRAS, Ministry of AYUSH, Govt. of India, Kolkata, India
rajesh_bolleddu@rediffmail.com
Narasimhaji Ch V.
Department of Chemistry, Captain Srinivasa Murthy Regional Ayurveda Drug Development Institute, CCRAS, Ministry of AYUSH, Chennai, India


Venkatesh Sama
Department of Pharmacognosy, G. Pulla Reddy College of Pharmacy, Hyderabad, India


Sharma Rohit
Department of Ras Shastra and Bhaishajya Kalpana, Faculty of Ayurveda, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India


Mangal Anupam K.
Department of Pharmacognosy, Central Ayurveda Research Institute, CCRAS, Ministry of AYUSH, Govt. of India, Kolkata, India

Prasad P. V. V.
Department of Pharmacognosy, Central Ayurveda Research Institute, CCRAS, Ministry of AYUSH, Govt. of India, Kolkata, India