Vegetos
(An International Journal of Plant Research & Biotechnology)
Floral morphometrics, cytology and fruit biochemical studies in wild populations of Solanum viarum Dunal- an ethnomedicinal plant of North-East India
Research Articles | Published: 10 June, 2024
First Page: 1609
Last Page: 1615
Views: 1682
Keywords: Genetic diversity, Morphometry, n Solanum viarumn , Populations, North-East India
Abstract
The conservation of genetic diversity is important for preserving genetic resources. In the present study, comparative floral morphometric, cytology, and fruit biochemical characteristics were carried out to assess genetic diversity among four wild populations of Solanum viarum. The study revealed variation in various floral parts, fruit sizes, and biochemical parameters. The statistical analysis revealed that different populations of S. viarum vary significantly with respect to the size of different floral parts, the size of the pedicel, the size and weight of the fruit, and the number of seeds. On the contrary, biochemical parameters also showed significant variation among different developmental stages of fruit. Somatic chromosome numbers (2n = 24) were stable among the four wild populations with distinct n = 12 bivalents without any abnormalities. A dendrogram was constructed based on several morphometric and biochemical parameters, which divided the populations into two clusters, suggesting intraspecific variability among populations. The present study emphasizes the significance of the biochemical properties of the fruits of S. viarum used as traditional medicine by the local tribes of Tripura.
References
Antolovich M, Prenzler P, Robards K, Ryan D (2000) Sample preparation in the determination of phenolic compounds in fruits. Analyst 125(5):989–1009
Begum F, Akma I, Rasul MG, Mian MAK, Hossain MM (2013) Morphological diversity of eggplant (Solanum melongena) in Bangladesh. Emir J Food Agric 25(1):45–51
Belling J (1926) Single and double rings at the reduction division in Uvularia. Biol Bull 50:355–363
Bradshaw AD (1965) Evolutionary significance of phenotypic plasticity in plants. Adv Genet 13:115–155
Budavari S (1989) The merck index, 11th edn. Merck and Co Inc, Rahway N J., p 1606
Cauguiat XGI, Hautea DM (2014) Genetic diversity analysis of eggplant (Solanum melongena) and related wild species in Philippines using morphological and SSR markers. SABRAO J Breed Genet 46(2):183–201
Chatha GS, Bir SS (1986) Biosystematic studies on certain woody species of Palni Hills, South India. J Cytol Genet 21:98–114
Deb DB (1983) The flora of Tripura. Today and tomorrow printers and publishers. Vol. II
Eom SH, Cheng WJ, Hyoung JP, Kim EH, Chung MI, Kim MJ, Yu C, Cho DH (2007) For infra red irradiation stimulates antioxidant activity in Vitis flexuosa Thumb. Berries Kor J Med Crop Sci 15:319–323
Gurashi NA, Kordofani MAY, Abdelgadir KA, Salih AM (2016) Variation in chemical composition of baobab (Adansonia digitata L). Int J Sci Eng Appl Sci 2(11):106–119
Hammer O, Harper DAT, Ryan PD (2001) PAST: Paleontological statistics software package for education and data analysis. Palaeontol Electron 4:1–9
Hodge JE, Hofreita BJ (1962) Determination of reducing sugars and carbohydrates. Methods in carbohydrate chemistry. Academic press, New York, p 380
Khoshoo TN (1958) Biosystematics of Sysmbrium irio complex I modifications in phenotypes. Caryologia 11:109–132
Lowry OH, Rosebrough NJ, Farr AL, Randall RJ (1951) Protein measurement with folin phenol reagent. J Biol Chem 193:265–275
Mukhlesur RM, Hirata Y, Alam SE (2004) Genetic variation with in Brassica rapa cultivars using SDS-PAGE using seed protein and isozyme analysis. J Biol Sci 4(2):239
Nayak BG, Patil SK (2001) Variation of solasodine in Solanum viarum Dunal with maturity stages. Karnataka Journal of Agricultural Sciences 14:185–186
Patel P, Prasad A, Srivastava D, Niranjan A, Saxena G, Singh SS, Misra P, Chakrabarty D (2022) Genotype-dependent and temperature-induced modulation of secondary metabolites, antioxidative defense and gene expression profile in Solanum viarum Dunal. Environ Exp Bot 194:104686
Paul A, Banerjee N (2015) Phylogenetic relationship of some species of Solanum based on morphological, biochemical and cytological parameters. Indian Journal of Fundamental and Applied Life Sciences 5(3):51–56
Pingle AR, Dnyansagar VR (1976) Pachytene analysis in Solanum viarum. Cytologia 41(3–4):653–658
Prochazkova D, Sairam PK, Srivastava GC, Singh DV (2001) Oxidative stress and antioxidantactivity as the basis of senescence in maize leaves. Plant Sci 161(4):765–771
Rastegar S, Rahemi M, Baghizadeh A, Gholami M (2012) Enzyme activity and biochemical changes of three date palm cultivars with different softening pattern during ripening. Food Chem 134(3):127–1286
Saha M, Datta BK (2014) Reproductive biology of Solanum viarum Dunal (Solanaceae) in Northeast India. Pleione 8(2):258–266
Saha M, Datta BK (2018) Andromonoecy in Solanum viarum Dunal (Solanaceae): a buzz pollinated taxon. The International Journal of Plant Reproductive Biology 10(1):33–37
Sakhanokho HF, Islam-Farid MN, Blythe EK, Smith BJ, Rajasekaran K, Majid MA (2014) Morphological and cytomolecular assessment of intraspecific variability in scarlet eggplant (S. aethopicum). J Crop Improv 28:437–453
Satyabrata M, Chandra R, Geetha KA, Mandal K (2000) Production technology of some important medicinal and aromatic crops developed under the all India coordinated research project. Indian Journal of Arecanut, Spices and Medicinal Plants 2:88–98
Sharma AK, Sharma A (1980) Chromosome technique—theory and practice, 3rd edn. Butterworths Ltd., London
Sheidai M, Taban F, Talebi SM, Noormohammadi Z (2016) Genetic and morphological diversity in Stachys lavandulifolia (Lamiaceae) populations. Biologija 62(1):9–24
Swain J, Hillis WE (1959) The phenolic constituents of Prunus domestica I. the quantitative analysis of phenolic constituents. J Sci Food Agric 10(1):63–68
Thakur M, Verma R, Kumar D, Das PP, Dhalaria R, Kumar A, Kuca K, Azizov S, Kumar D (2024) Revisiting the ethnomedicinal, ethnopharmacological, phytoconstituents and phytoremediation of the plant Solanum viarum Dunal. Naunyn Schmiedeberg’s Arch Pharmacol. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00210-024-03034-6
Trong LV, Tuong LQ, Thinh BB, Khoi NT (2019) Physiological and biochemical changes in tomato fruit (Solanum lycopersicum L.) during growth and ripening cultivated in Vietnam. Biosci Res 16(2):1736–1744
Ugese FD, Baiyeri PK, Mbah BN (2010) Agro ecological variation in the fruits and nuts of shea butter tree (Vitellaria paradoxa C.F. Garten.,) in Nigeria. Agroforestry Syst 79(2):201–211
Wang Y, Shao L, Wang J, Ren H, Liu H, Zhang QM, Guo QF, Chen XW (2016) Comparison of morphological and physiological characteristics in two phenotypes of rare and endangered plant Begonia fimbristipua hance. Photosynthetica 54(3):381–389
Yadav SK, Kaul VK, Verma KS, Kachhwaha S, Kothari SL (2013) Assessment of diversity in Solanum surattense Burm. f. using morphological and molecular markers and implication for its conservation. Natl Acad Sci Lett 36(5):541–549
Yemm EW, Cocking EG (1955) The determination of amino acids with ninhydrin. Analyst 80(948):209–213
Author Information
Shri Gnanambica Degree College, Madanapalle, India