Vegetos
(An International Journal of Plant Research & Biotechnology)
Pathogenic potential of seed mycobiota of Helianthus annuus L.
Research Articles | Published: 30 November, 2022
Online ISSN : 2229-4473.
Website:www.vegetosindia.org
Pub Email: contact@vegetosindia.org
First Page: 1101
Last Page: 1104
Views: 678
Keywords:
Seed mycobiota, Seedling vigour, Sunflower, Seed germination
Abstract
The seed mycobiota associated naturally with the oil seeds causes seed deterioration making them unfit for consumption and oil extract. The seed borne fungi (mycobiota) inhibits seed germination, seedling emergence and causes diseases to the crop of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.). The seed mycobiota of sunflower seeds was detected by standard blotter method (SBM) and agar plate method (APM). Eight most dominant fungi detected on cloth stored seeds were collected from different sunflower cultivated areas. Incidence of Alternaria helianthi was maximum in both the methods (SBM and APM) using unsterilized seeds i.e., 9.4% and 8.5%, respectively. However, lower incidence was detected in Alternaria alternata. The percent germination of seeds was markedly suppressed by all fungi. Maximum percent reduction in germination over control was observed in Curvularia lunata (38.0%). The maximum decrease in plumule length was observed in Fusarium moniliforme (39.27 mm) followed by F. equiseti (42.30 mm) while maximum reduction in radicle length was also observed in seedling developed with F. moniliforme (23.20 mm) followed by F. equiseti (24.22 mm). Aspergillus niger and R. stolonifer did not shown significant affect on plumule and radicle length. So, all tested fungi played important role in causing diseases in the fields and also damaged the seeds under storage conditions.
(*Only SPR Members can get full access. Click Here to Apply and get access)
References
Achbani EH, Lamrhari A, Laamaraf N, Bahsine MH, Serrhini MN, Douira A (2000) Downy mildew (Plasmopara halstedii): Importance and geographical distribution on sunflower in Morocco. Phytopath Medit., 39(2):283–288 De Labrouche DT)
Adil T, Musawi A (2017) Detection of mycotoxins in sunflower seed intended or edible for human consumption flower. I J Ad Bio Res 7(2):278–281
Anonymous (2007) Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.). Pakistan Agric. Res.Council. Islamabad, Pakistan
Banu N, Muthumary JP (2005) Mycobiota of sunflower seeds and samples collected from vegetable oil refinery located in Tamilnadu, India. Mycol Progr 4:195–204
Barnett HL (1960) Illustrated genera of imperfect fungi (second ed). Burgess Publ. Co.225 pp
Chandra R, Avitha KM (2005) Presence of external and internal mycoflora on sunflower seeds. J Mycol Pl Pathol 35(2):362–364
Deshmukh AM, Gawai DU (2008) Effect of temperature on incidence of storage fungi of some oil seeds. J Pure & Appl Micro 2(1):261–264
Godika S, Agrawal K, Singh T (1996) Fungi associated with seeds of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) grown in Rajasthan and their phytopathological effects. J Phytol Res 9:61–63
ISTA (1976) International rules for seed testing. Annexture. Seed Sci Technol 4:3–49
Krishnapa M, Shetty HS (1990) Location of Alternaria species in sunflower seeds. Plant Dis Res 5:203–204
Melone JP, Maskett AE (1964) Seed-borne fungi. Proc. Intl. Seed Test., Assoc., 29: 179–384
Prasad RD, Kulshrestha DD (1996) Seed borne nature of Alternaria helianthi in sunflower, its detection and location in seed. Seed Res 24:141–144
Prasad RD, Kulshrestha DD (1999) Effect of seed borne Alternaria helianthi on germination, seedling vigour and blight incidence in sunflower. Seed Res 27(1):91–94
Roberts RG, Robertson JA, Hanlin RT (1986) Fungi occurring in the achenes of sunflower (Helianthus annuus). Can J Bot 64:1964–1971
Singh BK, Prasad T (1977) Effect of seed-borne fungi on the physico-chemical properties of sunflower oil. Phytopathol Z 90:337–341
Suryanarayanan TS, Suryanarayanan SS (1990) Fungi associated with stored sunflower seeds. J Econ Taxon Bot 14:174–176
Vaidehi BK(2002) Seed mycoflora of sunflower - a perspective. Frontiers in Micro. Biotech Plant pathol., 25–40
Vijayalakshmi M, Rao AS (1986) Mycoflora invading sunflower seeds during development. Acta Bot Indica 14:1–7
Acknowledgements
The authors are thankful to the Principal, Government Girls Degree College, Bareilly, UP, for providing necessary facilities and infrastructure to carry out the research work. We also extend our sincere thanks to Dr. Md. Firoze Quamar, Scientist “D,”Birbal Sahni Institute of Palaeosciences (BSIP), Lucknow, UP, for encouragement and scientific guidance. Two anonymous reviewers are thanked for their authoritative suggestions which helped us to significantly improve the earlier version of the manuscript. V.V. Patel thanks to Editors, Vegetos for their suggestions to improve the manuscript and also grateful to Prof (Dr) S.K. Bhatnagar, Editor-in Chief, Vegetos for encouragement.
Author Information
Department of Botany, Government Girls Degree College, Bareilly M.J.P. Rohilkhand University, Bareilly, India
vikasbotany@gmail.com