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Keywords:
n A. alopecuroidesn , n C. Imbricatumn , n C. Vermiculatumn , Phenolic compound, Antioxidant, Antidiabetic
The aim of this research was to study seasonal influence on antioxidant activity, antidiabetic activity and phenolic content of three endemic plants belonging to Chenopodiaceae family: Caroxylon imbricatum (Forssk.) Akhani & Roalson, Caroxylon vermiculatum (L.) Akhani & Roalson and Agatophora alopecuroides (Delile) Bunge. The total phenolic content ranged from 15.98 to 0.61 mg gallic acid equivalents/g of dry weight where spring was found to be the best harvest season. The antioxidant activity of the butanolic fraction of A. alopecuroides (collected in October and May) measured by the DPPH and CUPRAC assays displayed the highest antioxidant activity (EC50 = 0.032 mg/mL and 0.016 mg/mL respectively).The ethyl acetate fraction of C. imbricatum (collected in October) displayed the highest iron chelating activity (EC50 = 0.141 mg/mL). All extracts inhibit α-amylase and α-glucosidase activities with different levels of inhibition more or less significant (3.39–91.01%). In order to have good inhibition of α-amylase and α-glucosidase tests, the best harvest season of A. alopecuroides was in May and in October for C. vermiculatum. For C. imbricatum the adequate harvest season for α-amylase test was in May and June for α-glucosidase test. This finding opens door to better use these natural plants in pharmacological products.
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