Vegetos
(An International Journal of Plant Research & Biotechnology)
Synergistic antibacterial activity of Artemisia absinthium L. hydroalcoholic extract and sub-fractions
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Research Articles | Published: 09 July, 2025
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Keywords: Medicinal plant, Phytoconstituents, n In silicon , Antibacterial and synergistic
Abstract
Artemisia absinthium is a perennial shrub, traditionally used for the treatment of urinary problems, anaemia, constipation, and wound healing. It is also a primary constituent of Afsantein, a Unani formulation. The current research is focused on the add-on therapy-based drug for the treatment of infections caused by bacterial pathogens. The hydroalcoholic extract was prepared by hot continuous method, and characterization of phytoconstituents was done by using LCMS. Identified phytoconstituents were screened for molecular docking and toxicity predictions. Bioassay-guided fractionation was done to identify the bioactive constituents, the antibacterial synergistic potential of crude extract, and its subfractions. Extractive yield of various extracts were as follows hydroalcoholic extract 15.36 ± 0.179%; n-hexane fraction 13.83 ± 0.35%; chloroform fraction 5.5 ± 0.5%; ethyl-acetate subfraction 11.2 ± 0.36%; and remaining aqueous fraction 39.49 ± 1.25%. LCMS analysis revealed four major phytoconstituents (deoxyartennium, artenetin, absinthin, and 4-caffeolyquinic acid) were identified. All the identified phytoconstituents showed comparative antibacterial activity with antibiotics and followed the drug-likeness properties. Crude extracts & chloroform fraction showed the best antibacterial activities against MRSA, S. aureus, and P. aeruginosa with a zone of inhibition range of 9.33 ± 0.577 and 17.66 ± 0.57 mm and minimum inhibitory concentration range of 128 to 512 µg/ml. Crude extract and chloroform fraction showed synergistic activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa with FICI 0.5. In a crude hydroalcoholic extract of A. absinthium four antibacterial phytoconstituents were identified and validated with a molecular docking study. Crude extract and chloroform fractions can be used further in antibacterial drug development against Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
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Author Information
Department of General Surgery, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India