De-polymerization of LDPE plastic by Penicillium simplicissimum isolated from municipality garbage plastic and identified by ITSs locus of rDNA

,


Research Articles | Published:

Print ISSN : 0970-4078.
Online ISSN : 2229-4473.
Website:www.vegetosindia.org
Pub Email: contact@vegetosindia.org
Doi: 10.1007/s42535-020-00176-9
First Page: 57
Last Page: 67
Views: 1873


Keywords: LDPE, Plastic, Biodegradation, Fungi, SEM, ITSs


Abstract


Plastic bags from garbage were collected and fungi were isolated from these bags and their degradation potentialities of LDPE were screened. Their potentialities were measured by weight loss method, molecular weight reduction by viscosity meter method, surface morphology by SEM and CO2 evolution method. Both treated by ethanol or untreated LDPE were employed. It was observed that out of three fungal isolates, F1 isolate showed maximum degradation while untreated sheets were also degraded by this isolate in more or less percentage of weight loss. Surface morphology analysis under SEM showed degraded areas on F1 treated LDPE. FT-IR analysis showed that F1 influenced the carbonyl group and C=C group formation in polymer. Lipase enzyme was found to be secreted by F1 fungus in culture. The F1 isolate was identified molecularly as Penicillium simplicissimum strain Bar2. This fungus isolate may be used for LDPE waste plastic management.


LDPE, Plastic, Biodegradation, Fungi, SEM, ITSs


*Get Access

(*Only SPR Members can get full access. Click Here to Apply and get access)

Advertisement

References


  1. Aamer AS, Fariha H, Abdul H, Javed IA (2009) Isolation of Fusarium sp. AF4 from sewage sludge, with the ability to adhere the surface of polyethylene. Afri J Microb Res 3:658–663

  2. Albertsson AC (1978) Biodegradation of synthetic polymers 2 Limited microbial conversion of C-14 in polyethylene to (CO-2)-C-14 by some soil fungi. J Appl Polym Sci 22:3419–3433

  3. Albertsson AC (1980) The shape of the biodegradation curve for low and high density polyethylene in prolonged series of experiments. Euro Polym J 16:623–630

  4. Albertsson AC, Andersson SO, Karlsson S (1987a) The mechanisms of biodegradation of polyethylene. Polym Degrad Stab 18(1):73–87

  5. Albertsson AC, Andersson SO, Karlsson S (1987b) The mechanism of biodegradation of polyethylene. Poly Degrad Stab 18:73–87

  6. Bailes G, Margaret L, Andrew E, Marianne P, Jennifer MK, Carol M, Debra I, Marion B (2013) Isolation of native soil microorganisms with potential for breaking down biodegradable plastic mulch films used in agriculture. J Visual Experi 75:1–11

  7.  

  8. Bikiaris DN, Papageorgiou GZ, Achilias DS (2006) Synthesis and comparative biodegradability studies of three poly(alkylene succinate)s. Polym Degrad Stab 91:31–43

  9. Brown BS, Mills J, Hulse JM (1974) Chemical and biological degradation of plastics. Nature 250:161–163

  10. Chutima R, Dell B, Vessabutr S, Busaban B, Lumyong S (2010) Endophytic fungi from Pectielis susannae. L.) Rafin. Orchidaceae), a threatened terrestrial orchid in Thailand. Mycorrhiza 21(3):221–229

  11. Cornell JH, Kaplan AM, Rogers MR (1984) Biodegradation of photooxidized olyalkylenes. Appl Polym Sci 29:2581–2597

  12. Dhingra OD, Sinclair JB (1986) Basic plant pathology Methods. CRC Press Inc, Hoboken

  13. Domsch KH, Gams W, Anderson TH (1980) Compendium of soil Fungi, vol I and II. Academic Press, London

  14. Eberl A, Heumann S, Kotek R, Kaufmann F, Mitsche S, Cavaco-Paulo A, Gübitz GM (2008) Enzymatic hydrolysis of PTT polymers and oligomers. J Biotechnol 135(1):45–51

  15. Felsenstein J (2005) PHYLIP (Phylogeny Inference Package) version 3.6. In: Distributed by the author. Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, USA

  16.  

  17. Feuerhack A, Alisch-Mark M, Kisner A, Pezzin SH, Zimmermann W, Andreaus J (2008) Biocatalytic surface modification of knitted fabrics made of poly (ethylene Terephthalate) with hydrolytic enzymes from Thermobifida fusca KW3b. Biocatal Biotransform 26(5):357–364

  18. Ghosh SK (2017) Degradation of LDPE plastic by Pseudomonas aeruginosa NMP1 identified by biochemical and 16s rDNA analysis. Plant Cell Biotechnol and Mol Biol 18(7 & 8):333–342

  19. Ghosh SK, Pal S, Ray S (2013) Study of microbes having potentiality for biodegradation of plastics. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 20:4339–4355

  20. Gu JD, Ford TE, Mitchell R (2000a) Microbial corrosion of metals. In: Review. (Ed) The Uhlig Corrosion Handbook, 2nd Edition. Wiley, New York, pp 915–927

  21. Gutarra MLE, de Godoy MG, Silva JDN, Guedes IA, Lins U, Castilho LDR, Freire DMG (2009) Lipase production and Penicillium simplicissimum morphology in solid-state and submerged fermentations. Biotechnol J 4(10):1450–1459

  22. Haded D (2005) Biodegradation of polyethylene by thermophillic bacterium Brevibacillus borstelensis. J Appl Microbiol 98:1093–1100

  23. Hall TA (1999) BioEdit: a user-friendly biological sequence alignment editor and analysis program for Windows 95/98/NT. Nucleic Acids Symp Ser 41:95–98

  24.  

  25. Howard GT (2002) Biodegradation of polyurethane. Int Biodeterior Biodegrad 49:213

  26.  

  27. Ishii N, Inoue Y, Shimada K, Tesuka Y, Mitomo H, Kasuya K (2007) Fungal degradation of poly (ethylene succinate). Polym Degrad Stab 92:44–52

  28. Jennifer MK, Cox SB, Peyron M, Bailes G, Kinloch K, Karich K, Miles CA, Inglis DA, Marion B (2014) Native soil fungi associated with compostable plastics in three contrasting agricultural settings. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 98(14):6467–6485

  29. Jung MR, Horgen FD, Orski SV, Rodriguez VC, Beers KL, Balazs GH, Jones TT, Work TM, Brignac KC, Royer S-J, Hyrenbach KD, Jensen BA, Lynch JM (2018) Validation of ATR FT-IR to identify polymers of plastic marine debris, including those ingested by marine organisms. Mar Pollut Bull 127:104–116

  30.  

  31. Khan I, Dutta JR, Ganesan R (2017) Lactobacillus sps. lipase mediated poly (ε-caprolactone) degradation. Int J Biol Macromo 95:126–131

  32. Kim H, Ju H-S, Kim J (2000a) Characterization of an extracellular poly(3-hydroxy-5-phenylvalerate) depolymerase from Xanthomonas sp. JS02. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 53:323–327

  33. Kim M-N, Lee A-R, Yoon J-S, Chin I-J (2000c) Biodegradation of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate), Sky-Green and Mater-Bi by fungi isolated from soils. Eur Polym J 36:1677–1685

  34. Kim HM, Ryu KE, Bae K-S, Rhee YH (2000b) Purification and characterization of extracellular medium-chain-length polyhydroxyalkanoate depolymerase from Pseudomonas sp. RY-1. J Biosci Bioeng 89:196–198

  35. Kimura M (1980) A simple method for estimating evolutionary rates of base substitutions through comparative studies of nucleotide sequences. J Mol Evol 16:111–120

  36. Lee B, Anthony LPIII, Alfred F, Theodore BB Jr (1991) Biodegradation of degradable plastic olyethylene by Phanerochaete and Streptomyces species. Appl Environ Microbiol 57(3):678–685

  37. Mc Lellan DW, Halling PJ (1988) Acid-tolerant poly (3-hydroxybutyrate) hydrolases from moulds. FEMS Microbiol Lett 52:215–218

  38. Mergaert J, Anderson C, Wouters A, Swings J (1994) Microbial degradation of poly (3-hydroxybutyrate) and poly (3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) in compost. J Environ Polym Degrad 2:177–183

  39. Mergaert J, Wouters A, Anderson C, Swings J (1995) In situ biodegradation of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) and poly(3-hydroxybutyrateco-3-hydroxyvalerate) in natural waters. Can JMicrobiol 41(Suppl 1):154–159

  40. Mogilnitskii GM, Sagatelyan RT, Kutishcheva TN, Zhukova SV, Kerimov SI, Parfenova TB (1987) Disruption of the protective properties of the polyvinyl chloride coating under the effect of microorganisms. Prot Met 23:173–175

  41. Montazer Z, Habibi-Najafi MB, Levin DB (2019) Microbial degradation of low-density polyethylene and synthesis of polyhydroxyalkanoate polymers. Can J Microbiol 65:1–11. https://doi.org/10.1139/cjm-2018-0335

  42. Montazer Z, Habibi-Najafi MB, Levin DB (2020) Challenges with verifying microbial degradation of polyethylene. Polymers 12:123. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym12010123

  43.  

  44. Muller RJ, Augusta J, Pantke M (1992) A laboratory investigation into biodegradation of plastics; part 1: a modified sturm test. Material and Organism En. 27:179-189 (ethylene terephthalate). Science 351(6278):1196

  45. Nagamani A, KunwarManoharachary IK (2006) Hand book of soil fungi. IK International Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi, p 447

  46.  

  47. No Plastics in the Environment (NoPE) (2002) Imports versus surplus: a glut of plastics in India today, January 10, 2002. Bharati Chaturvedi, Director, Chintan Environmental Organization in New Delhi

  48. Pilz H, Brandt B, and Fehringer R (2010) The impact of plastics on life cycle energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions in Europe, summary report. In: denkstatt GmbH, Vienna, Austria

  49. Pramila R, Ramesh KV (2011) Biodegradation of low density polyethylene (LDPE) by fungi isolated from marine water—a SEM analysis. Afr J Microbiol Res 5(28):5013–5018

  50. Saitou N, Nei M (1987) The neighbor-joining method: a new method for reconstructing phylogenetic trees. Mol Biol Evol 4:406–425

  51.  

  52. Shimao M (2001) Biodegradation of plastics. Curr Opin Biotechnol 12:242–247

  53. Starnecker A, Menner M (1996) Assessment of biodegradability of plastics under stimulated omposting conditions in a laboratory test system. Int Biodeterior Biodegrad 37(1–2):85–92

  54. Sudesh S, Fernando P, Christensen A, Terry A, Egerton J, White R (2007) Carbon dioxide evolution and carbonyl group development during photodegradation of polyethylene and polypropylene. Polym Degrad Stab 92:2163–2172

  55.  

  56. Suresh B, Maruthamuthu S, Palanisamy N, Ragunathan R, Pandiyaraj KN, Muralidharan V (2011) Investigation on biodegradability of polyethylene by Bacillus cereus strain Ma-Su isolated from compost soil. Int Res J Microbiol 2:292–302

  57. Sztajer H, Lünsdorf H, Erdmann H, Menge U, Schmid R (1992) Purification and properties of lipase from Penicillium simplicissimum. Biochim Biophys Acta Lipids Lipid Metab 1124(3):253–261

  58. Thompson JD, Gibson TJ, Plewniak F, Jeanmougin F, Higgins DG (1997) The CLUSTAL_X windows interface: flexible strategies for multiple sequence alignment aided by quality analysis tools. Nucleic Acids Res 25:4876–4882

  59.  

  60. Tokiwa Y, Suzuki T (1977a) Purification of polyethylene adipate degrading enzyme produced by Penicillium sp. strain 14–3. Agric Biol Chem 41:265–274


  61.  


Acknowledgements


The authors are grateful to the Principal , RKMVC College, Rahara for giving laboratory facility. The English language was revised by Adity Ghosh, Department of English, Pondicherry University, India.


Author Information


Ghosh Swapan Kumar
Molecular Mycopathology Lab, Biocontrol and Cancer Research Unit, PG Department of Botany, Ramakrishna Mission Vivekananda Centenary College (Autonomous), Kolkata, India
gswapan582@gmail.com
Pal Sujoy
Molecular Mycopathology Lab, Biocontrol and Cancer Research Unit, PG Department of Botany, Ramakrishna Mission Vivekananda Centenary College (Autonomous), Kolkata, India