Phytogenic synthesis of metallic nanoparticles: application for breast cancer nanomedicine

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Review Articles | Published:

Print ISSN : 0970-4078.
Online ISSN : 2229-4473.
Website:www.vegetosindia.org
Pub Email: contact@vegetosindia.org
Doi: 10.1007/s42535-022-00542-9
First Page: 10
Last Page: 19
Views: 425


Keywords: Breast cancer, Metallic nanoparticles, Nanocarriers, Nanomedicine, Targeted drug delivery


Abstract


Cancer incidence and mortality are increasing at a rapid rate. According to the Global Cancer Observatory, 2020 (GLOBOCAN), 10 million cancer deaths and approx 19 million new cancer cases occurred across the world. It is estimated that there will be 28.4 million cases in 2040, increasing the global cancer burden by approximately 47%. Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer among women with approximately 2.3 million new cases per year. Breast cancer is a heterogeneous type of cancer with several intrinsic subtypes. Conventional breast cancer treatments are unable to improve patient survival rates. The therapies used cause off-target toxicity and damage healthy tissues. Advances in nanotechnology have created a novel plant-based nanoformulation to specifically target the tumor site and also act as therapeutics. It revolutionized cancer nanomedicine by developing smart metal nanoparticles and overcoming resistance to chemotherapy. Biologically synthesized nanoparticles are preferred because they are durable, economical, and environmentally friendly. Various plant extracts are used to synthesize metallic nanoparticles such as silver, gold, zinc oxides, iron oxide, etc. Secondary plant metabolites act as a reducing agent and stabilizer for the synthesis of nanoparticles. Tunable characteristics and high surface area to volume ratio of metallic nanoparticles make them potential candidate for biomedical platform. These metal and metal oxide nanostructures are accompanied or functionalized by nanocarriers and drugs molecule which make targeted drug delivery possible. This nanoassembly increases the drug stability, bioavailability, drug loading, cellular uptake and therapeutic gain. Recently, the new theranostic approach has made both diagnosis and therapy possible simultaneously. However, applying the plant based nanotherapeutic delivery approach in the future will require interdisciplinary approaches, extensive collaboration and cooperation among researchers, leading academics, pharmaceutical sectors and regulatory agencies to integrate nanopharmaceuticals into clinical practice.


Breast cancer, Metallic nanoparticles, Nanocarriers, Nanomedicine, Targeted drug delivery


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Acknowledgements



Author Information


Banthia Poonam
School of Applied Sciences, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Jaipur, India
poonam14banthia@gmail.com
Gambhir Lokesh
School of Basic and Applied Sciences, Shri Guru Ram Rai University, Dehradun, India
gambhir.lokesh@gmail.com

Daga Dhiraj
Department of Radiation Oncology, JLN Medical College, Ajmer, India

dhirajdaga@gmail.com
Sharma Asha
Department of Zoology, Swargiya P.N.K.S. Government PG College, Dausa, India

drasha15@gmail.com
Kapoor Neha
School of Applied Sciences, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Jaipur, India
neha.kapoor@mygyanvihar.com
Agarwal R. D.
Department of Botany, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, India
drrdagarwal1956@gmail.com
Sharma Gaurav
School of Applied Sciences, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Jaipur, India
gaurav.sharma@mygyanvihar.com